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The ACEA agreement refers to a voluntary agreement between the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) and the European Commission to limit the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by passenger cars sold in Europe. With 18 million cars sold each year, Europe is the last major car market in the world. Signed in 1998, the agreement sought to achieve an average of 140 g/km of CO2 by 2008 for new passenger vehicles sold by the association's cars in Europe. This target represents a 25% reduction from the 1995 level of 186 g/km and is equivalent to a fuel economy of 5.8 L/100 km or 5.25 L/100 km for petrol and diesel engines respectively. However, the average for the whole car market for 2008 was 153.7 g/km, so the target has not been achieved. Besides the agreement with ACEA, the European Commission also closed agreements with the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA) and Korea Automobile Manufacturers Association (KAMA). However, for the latter two the target date is 2009 instead of 2008 and as ACEA accounts for 86.4% of car sales in Europe,〔http://ec.europa.eu/environment/co2/pdf/cars_ia_final_report.pdf PDF〕 the impact of the latter two is much smaller. The ultimate EU target to which these agreements are to contribute, is to reach an average CO2 emission (as measured according to Commission Directive 93/116/EC〔(EUR-Lex - 31993L0116 - EN )〕) of 130 g/km for all new passenger cars by 2015. The European Commission announced in late 2006 that it is working on a proposal for legally binding measures and limits. In February 2007, the Commission acknowledged the failure of the voluntary agreement.〔Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on the Result of the review of the Community strategy to reduce emissions from passenger cars and light commercial vehicles〕 Following this, a proposal of regulation was introduced by the Commission on 19 December 2007. ==Implementation== The agreement defines fleet-average CO2 emission targets from new cars sold in the European Union, to be reached collectively by the members of the association. CO2 is the only gas covered by the agreements, other greenhouse gas emissions are currently not controlled (see carbon dioxide equivalent). How the target is to be achieved is not specified, and are expected by the Commission to be mainly by technological developments and market changes linked to these developments. Apart from the 140 g/km target, the ACEA should evaluate in 2003 the potential for additional improvements with a view to moving further towards the objective of emission targets: * In the range of 165-170 g/km CO2 in 2003. * 140 g/km of CO2 by 2008. * 130 g/km of CO2 by 2015. Concerning costs, a report for the European Commission last year showed that the cost of meeting the target for new cars of 120 g/km of CO2 would be on average €577 per car,〔 which could be earned back in a few years time due to the improved fuel economy implied in the reductions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「ACEA agreement」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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